Alessandro Segalini

Department of Visual Communication Design

Izmir University of Ecomomics | Faculty of Fine Arts and Design

Sakarya Cad. 156 - Balcova, 35330 Izmir (Turkey)

Office 405: alessandro.segalini at ieu.edu.tr

Learning__[definition]

Design Education [index]___Study Skills [test]___Critical Thinking and Argumentation [index]

T H E__T H R E E__F A C T O R S

To know ; To know how ; To be

" If an individual is able to design a project and then concentrate on it for an extended

period, his/her thinking becomes virtually 'theoretical' in that situation.

To learn methodically, so that one is efficient and less wasteful (materials, reduction

of operations time, reliable executions), is needed. To learn methodically, so that one

should know how to use this useful knowledge-in a timely manner. "

Principles of Learning

By Carnegie Mellon University

Principles of Teaching

By Carnegie Mellon University

Stages of Learning

By Miriam MacPhail

Professional Member of the Society of Graphic Designers of Canada

November 22, 2005

Bottom rung

I don`t know what I don`t know

(unconscious incompetence ; like a little kid who sees their parent driving and thinks

that since it looks easy, it is easy).

Next rung

I know what I don`t know

(conscious incompetence... the most uncomfortable ; e.g., first driving lesson :

"Oh man, this is so scary, I don`t know what to do !!")

Next rung

I know what I know

(conscious competence ; "I am driving down the street, and want to turn, so I better put

on the turn signal, and change gears, and look over my shoulder, and watch for cyclists,

and keep an eye on the intersection and oncoming cars, and slow down enough for a safe turn...!)

Top rung

I don`t know what I know

(unconscious competence ; "Well, I think I`ll drive to the store. Gee, I love this song

on the car radio... I'll turn it up and sing along really loudly while I drive !")

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